Sharks are about one in five, according to a study published Wednesday in the journal Naturecoral reefs worldwidealmost completely absent. These results demonstrate the profound impact of fishing on reef shark populations.
Sharks are now “functionally extinct” in 20% of the world’s reefs
The study by the organization “Global FinPrint” examined 371 reefs in 58 countries and found that in around 20% of the reefs sharks are “functionally extinct”. That means you could still see sharks on these reefs, "but they are not playing their normal role in the ecosystem," said study co-author Colin Simpfendorfer, a professor at James Cook University in Australia, in a press release .
Researchers explored the reefs using data from more than 15,000 baited underwater video stations to estimate the conservation status of reef sharks worldwide. Almost no sharks were observed in six countries that are home to 69 reefs - the Dominican Republic, the French West Indies, Kenya, Vietnam, the Netherlands Antilles and Qatar. “Only three sharks were observed in these countries during more than 800 hours of study,” said Professor Simpfendorfer.
Shark protection plan required
The decline in reef shark populations is due to a combination of high population densities, destructive fishing policies and poor governance, according to the study.
Countries that the study showed can best protect shark populations - such as Australia, French Polynesia and the United States - typically have shark sanctuaries and either ban all shark fishing or have scientifically based limits on the numbers that can be caught Sharks. Professor Simpfendorfer added that Australia can be a role model when it comes to protecting shark populations and ensuring they play their proper role in the environment.
“We found that robust shark populations can coexist with humans if those humans have the will, resources and a plan to take conservation action,” said study co-author Demian Chapman, co-leader of Global FinPrint and professor at Florida International University.
Reef shark populations only have a high chance of recovery if important socio-economic aspects of tropical fisheries are taken into account. The study results can guide meaningful long-term plans to protect the remaining reef sharks.
The full study reportyou can read here.
